Phosphates+Test

Period 6,Group A Kelsey,Brooke,Ian,Alex

Hypothesis:we believe that a high number of phosphates are in the water this will be based on how much phosphates are healthy for a human body:2.5-4.5 a high numbers are unhealthy and healthy phosphates levels are low.

Prediction:If we believe there will be a high number of phosphates in the water and we conduct the phosphates test then we should find a high number on the octet comparator.

Procedure:1.get an axial reader, octet comparator, and operator 2.fill 2 test tubes with water to the 10mL line 3.fill 1 test tube with the water sample to the 10mL line 4.use a pipet to collect 1mL of the phosphates reagent 5. then cap the test tube and mix thouroghly 6.then add the powder reagent with the .01measuring spoon and mix for 5 minutes 7.put the sample water in the axial reader with the two other test tubes with distilled water 8.look at the numbers on the octet comparator results
 * time || reading ||
 * 1min || 0.6 ||
 * 2min || 0.8 ||
 * 3min || 1.0 ||
 * 4min || 1.5 ||
 * 5min || 2.0 ||

Safty: Avoid contact with the reagent to the eyes, skin, nose, and mouth wear gogles during the experiment wipe up spills as soon as they happen

conclusion:Our findings disproved our hypothesis because instead of the river being unhealthy it show that the river is healthy. Some uncertainties we had that may have caused these results are the time intervals, the amount of water in the test tubes, and the amount of the reagnet that was added to the water sample. Another is the amount of time it was mixed for.


 * Period 3, Group C Steven, Billy, Lily, Eva**


 * Hypothesis:** Our hypothesis is that there will be a moderate amount of phosphates because there is a moderate amount of plant life in the river.


 * Prediction:** If we take a water sample from the creek and perform the phosphate test on it then we should see a moderate phosphate level.

(we used the LaMotte posphate test kit)
 * Materials:** water sample, notebook, pencil, 1.0ml dropper, three 10ml test tubes, slide cleaning brush, slide cap, octet comparator, goggles, aprons, gloves, phosphate acid reagent(V-6282), phosphate reducing reagent(V-6283), 1 gram spoon, distilled water

1. Get a water sample and bring it back to the classroom 2. Put on your safety equipment 3. Fill 2 of the test tubes to the 10ml line with distilled water and the other to the 10ml line with the sample 4. Add the phosphate acid reagent(V-6282) and mix it. Re-cap immediatley. 5. Add the phosphate reducing reagent(V-6283) and mix until dissolved. Re-cap immediatley. 6. Wait 5 minutes before viewing your results 7. View your results in the comparing device and determine your level 8. Clean out the slides and all other equipment
 * Procedure:**


 * Safety equipment must be worn, these are harmful chemicals. Clean up spills immediatley, re-cap all bottles, immediatley, and don't mix the caps**.


 * Observations:** Our phosphate reading on our sample water is 0.2 parts per million (ppm). The healthy level for phosphates is less than 1ppm. We also did a control test with distilled water and got a reading of 0ppm.


 * Conclusion**: Our hypothesis was proved and disproved. It was proved because we did find some phosphates in the water. It was disproved because we had less than what we expected. In conclusion, the water was healthier than we had expected. Our one uncertaintity factor is that the 1.0ml dropper did not fill to exactly 1.0ml. We estimated the rest and our test still worked.

Period 3, Group F: Chris, Isabelle, Stacy, and Luke ** **Purpose:** We want to know how large the phosphate level is in our section of the Passaic river. This will give us an insight on if the river is healthy or not. **Hypothesis:** Knowing that and phosphate level under 1 ppm (parts per million) are healthy, then our river will have a level of around or under 1 ppm because we believe it is healthy to a degree. **Prediction**: If the river will have a phosphate level around or under 1 ppm because the river is healthy to a degree, and we take a sample of the water and test it using the test we gathered, then the phosphate level will be around or under 1 ppm. **Materials:** Protective wear(gloves, apron, googles), 3 test tubes, sample water, distilled water, test tube cap, pipet, small spoon, LaMotte reader, phosphate reducing reagent(powder), phosphate acid reagent(liquid). **Safety:** Read instructions carefully before test **Procedure**: Water sample(near middle of river): 0.2 ppm +/- 0.05 ppm Tap Water(constant): 0 ppm +/- 0.05 ppm Our hypothesis states that the river will have a phosphate level of around 1 ppm, because the river is relatively healthy. Our data supports this hypothesis and we keep the hypothesis. The data suggests that the phosphate level is 0.2 ppm. This is well under the point where the water would be unhealthy, 1 ppm. The uncertainty in this was +/- 0.05. The uncertainty would not change our conclusion much at all. So we conclude that this water is healthier than we suspected.
 * Phosphates **
 * Store chemicals in a cool, dry place. Refrain from long exposure to extreme heat, cold, and the sun
 * Wear protective gear at all times
 * Avoid contact with chemicals
 * Always hold chemicals vertical
 * Cap chemicals with the same caps. Be careful to cap each chemical with the same cap.
 * Wipe up spills when they occur
 * 1) Fill one test tube with 10 mL of sample water and the other two with distilled or tap water.
 * 2) Use pipet to add 1.0 mL of Phosphate Acid Reagent to sample water. Cap and mix.
 * 3) Take the small spoon and get a full scoop of the phosphate reducing reagent. Make the scoop level with the spoon.
 * 4) Add the powder to the sample water and cap and mix until dissolved.
 * 5) Wait for five minutes leaving the sample alone. After the 5 minutes place the sample test tube in the LaMotte reader with the two distilled water test tubes on the sides of it.
 * 6) Read the phosphate level by comparing the sample water’s color through the reader to the other colors. Record the level as ppm(parts per million) of phosphate.
 * 7) Repeat 2-6 for different samples.
 * Data: **
 * Conclusion: **

** Period 6, Group E **** – Kara, Rich , Rosanna , and Nick **
 * Hypothesis: ** A phosphate level of 0.1 or less is healthy; we think that the phosphate level will be a little above 0.1.


 * Prediction: ** If we do the phosphate test, and the phosphate level is 0.1 or less, then the water is healthy.

 ·  Read all intrusions  ·  Avoid all contact with reagent with eyes, skin, mouth, and nose  ·  Wipe all spills immediately  ·  Must wear goggles, gloves, and apron  ·  Cap all reagents and don’t switch caps  ·  Clean all test tubes  ·  Measure perfectly ** Procedure: **
 * Safety Rules: **
 * 1) Get water samples from Passaic River and bring them back to the classroom
 * 2) Get an axial reader and octet compactor
 * 3) Fill two test tubes with distilled water
 * 4) Fill a third test tube with water samples from the river 10mL
 * 5) Use a pipette to get 1mL of phosphate reagent
 * 6) Put the cap of the test tube and mix the sample and phosphates together
 * 7) Add powder reagent with a .01 spoon and mix or 5 minutes
 * 8) Put the tube in the axial reader next to the tubes with distilled water
 * 9) Look at the data on the octet compactor


 * Data: **
 * ** WATER ** || ** Phosphate Level ** ||
 * ** The river water came from 30 feet away from the bridge on Central Avenue ** || ** .2 ** ||
 * ** Distilled control water ** || ** .1 ** ||
 * Conclusion: ** We came to a conclusion that the water is only a little unhealthy because the healthy phosphate level is .1 or less. In our tests, the phosphate level in the river came to be .2 meaning the phosphate level in the river is healthy, but not that unhealthy.